See how Income Tax can affect your pay.
Use our simple Income Tax calculator to estimate your Income Tax and take-home income, then explore how tax allowances and bands work.
Understand your income before and after tax.
An illustrative view of how income can move through different tax bands.
Calculate an illustrative Income Tax estimate.
Enter your annual gross income to see an estimate of Income Tax, taxable income and income after Income Tax. This calculator uses the standard 2026/27 Income Tax bands for England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Your income
Enter your gross annual income before Income Tax.
Your Income Tax
Income Tax is based on taxable income, not simply your headline salary.
Your Personal Allowance can provide a tax-free amount, while the remaining taxable income can fall across different tax bands.
The rate applied depends on the amount of taxable income that falls within each band.
Why your take-home pay is different from your salary.
Gross salary is the amount you earn before deductions. Income Tax is only one possible deduction from your earnings.
Your actual payslip can also be affected by National Insurance, workplace pension contributions, student loan repayments and other adjustments.
This calculator focuses specifically on Income Tax and should therefore be used as an educational estimate.
Understand the main Income Tax rates.
For England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the standard Personal Allowance is £12,570. Taxable income above the allowance can fall into the basic, higher and additional rates. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
Personal Allowance
The standard tax-free Personal Allowance is £12,570, subject to the applicable rules and tapering for higher incomes. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}
Basic rate
The basic rate applies to the first £37,700 of taxable income after allowances for the standard UK rates. :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}
Higher rate
Taxable income above the basic rate band can be charged at the 40% higher rate under the standard rates. :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}
Additional rate
Taxable income above £125,140 is subject to the additional rate under the standard 2026/27 rates. :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}
Personal Allowance
The standard amount you can receive before paying Income Tax, subject to the applicable rules.
Your Personal Allowance can reduce the income that is subject to tax.
The standard Personal Allowance for 2026/27 is £12,570. However, it can be reduced for people with adjusted net income above £100,000.
The allowance reduces by £1 for every £2 of adjusted net income above £100,000 and can reach zero at £125,140. :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}
This tapering is one reason why higher earners can have a different effective tax position from someone simply applying the headline tax rates.
See how different income levels can move through the bands.
These examples are simplified illustrations of Income Tax only and do not include National Insurance or other deductions.
Mostly basic-rate income
After the standard Personal Allowance, the remaining taxable income falls within the basic-rate band.
Basic and higher rates
After the Personal Allowance, part of the taxable income can fall within the basic rate and the remainder within the higher rate.
Allowance taper and additional rate
Higher income can trigger Personal Allowance tapering and additional-rate taxation under the applicable rules.
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Income Tax FAQs
Common questions about allowances, tax bands, calculations and take-home income.
Make Income Tax easier to understand.
Calculate an illustrative estimate, understand tax bands and explore more practical personal finance guides.